Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

What is the common cause of fractures in the navicular area of the wrist?

1. Falling backward onto the wrist

2. Hyperextension during an attempt to break a fall

3. Direct trauma from a sports injury

4. Excessive weight lifting

The correct answer is: Hyperextension during an attempt to break a fall

The navicular bone, also known as the scaphoid, is a small bone located in the wrist that is commonly fractured, particularly in situations involving a fall. The most typical mechanism that leads to a scaphoid fracture is hyperextension of the wrist, particularly when someone attempts to break a fall with an outstretched hand. When the wrist is hyperextended, the force of the impact can cause the scaphoid bone to break because it is positioned at an angle that makes it susceptible to this type of injury. This type of fracture is often seen in younger, active individuals who engage in sports or activities where falls are common, as they may instinctively extend their wrist in an attempt to protect themselves. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment, as the scaphoid has a limited blood supply and can lead to complications such as avascular necrosis if not treated appropriately. Given this, the choice highlighting hyperextension during an attempt to break a fall accurately reflects the most common cause of fractures in the navicular area of the wrist.