Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

What is the most common pathogenic bacteria found in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis?

1. Streptococcus pneumoniae

2. Chlamydia pneumoniae

3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

4. Staphylococcus aureus

The correct answer is: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and other systems, leading to the accumulation of thick mucus. This environment is conducive to bacterial colonization and infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognized as the most common pathogenic bacterium found in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. The mechanism behind this is primarily related to the viscid secretions associated with cystic fibrosis, which create a favorable atmosphere for this opportunistic pathogen to thrive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is adept at forming biofilms and can persist in the lung environment, leading to chronic infections that complicate the management of cystic fibrosis. Over time, colonization by this organism can contribute significantly to lung damage and respiratory decline in these patients, making it a critical target for treatment and management strategies in this population. In contrast, other bacterial pathogens listed, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus, while they can also be involved in respiratory infections, do not have the same prevalence or role in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Understanding the specific pathogens associated with cystic fibrosis is crucial for effective treatment and management of the