Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

What is the preferred intervention if pes planus doesn't improve in infants by 12 months?

1. Assessment by a general practitioner

2. Immediate surgery to correct the issue

3. Observation without intervention

4. Evaluation by a pediatric orthopedist

The correct answer is: Evaluation by a pediatric orthopedist

The preferred intervention when pes planus (flat feet) does not improve in infants by 12 months is evaluation by a pediatric orthopedist. This recommendation is grounded in the understanding that while pes planus is common and often resolves as children develop and begin walking, persistent cases requiring professional assessment could indicate underlying structural issues or conditions that may need intervention. A pediatric orthopedist has the specialized knowledge and expertise to evaluate the child’s foot structure and gait, assess any potential complications, and determine if intervention is necessary. This evaluation can guide further management, whether that involves watchful waiting, non-surgical measures like orthotics, or, in rare cases, surgical intervention if significant deformity or functional issues are present. In contrast, other options, such as assessment by a general practitioner or immediate surgery, may not provide the depth of specialized insight needed for such a condition, and observation without intervention may overlook significant developmental concerns if the pes planus is persistent and problematic. Therefore, referring to a pediatric orthopedist is the most appropriate course of action to ensure comprehensive care for the child.