Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

Which condition is characterized by an abrupt onset of scrotal pain?

1. Varicocele

2. Acute orchitis

3. Acute epididymitis

4. Testicular torsion

The correct answer is: Acute epididymitis

The condition characterized by an abrupt onset of scrotal pain is testicular torsion. This condition occurs when the spermatic cord becomes twisted, leading to a sudden reduction or interruption of blood flow to the affected testicle. The resulting ischemia causes severe pain, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Swelling in the scrotum may develop rapidly, and if not treated promptly, testicular torsion can lead to testicular necrosis. While acute orchitis, acute epididymitis, and varicocele also involve the scrotum, they typically present with a different onset pattern. Acute orchitis often occurs following a viral infection, such as mumps, and may only become painful after some initial symptoms. Acute epididymitis usually starts with a gradual increase in pain associated with urinary symptoms and commonly follows a urinary tract infection or sexually transmitted infection. Varicocele, on the other hand, is associated with a dull, aching pain due to engorged veins and is typically not associated with an abrupt onset of severe pain. Understanding the distinguishing features of these conditions is vital for appropriate diagnosis and treatment.